Thursday January 9, 2025
“Treatment of sunburn is to relieve symptoms, it does not prevent the damage to skin cells and increased risk of skin cancer.”
Eastern Health Consultant Dermatologist Dr Matthew Howard gives us a timely reminder about the dangers of sunburn and focusing too much on treatment instead of prevention.
What are the long-term effects of sunburn?
“Sunburn can have many long-term effects due to DNA changes from UV radiation (both UVA and UVB), leading to inflammation and immune system activation. These effects can be divided into cosmetic changes and skin cancer risks. Sunburn increases the risk of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and melanoma, especially with repeated severe burns. It also contributes to precancerous conditions like actinic keratosis due to cumulative sun damage.”
What is your advice to people who love to tan?
“Firstly, avoid solariums, which are banned in Victoria due to their high cancer risk and are far more dangerous than sun exposure. Sunburn can cause peeling, accelerated aging (wrinkles, sagging), and damage to pigment cells, leading to freckles, liver spots (lentigines), and uneven skin tone over time.
If a tan is desired, opt for a fake tan. As dermatologists, we often conduct skin checks, and I’m always impressed by how realistic some fake tans look—even under 10x magnification.
For those with significant tanning from sun or solarium use, the skin cells may be damaged, so regular skin checks with a GP or dermatologist are recommended.”
If you are burnt what treatment should you be doing/using?
Sunburn treatment focuses on relieving symptoms but doesn’t prevent skin cell damage or increase the risk of skin cancer.
To start, avoid further sun exposure until the burn heals. Anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen can help reduce pain within the first 24 hours. Cool compresses (not ice) and water-based gels like aloe vera or Solugel can soothe inflammation.
“Severe sunburns, especially over large areas, may cause fluid loss or increase the risk of infection, requiring medical attention. Signs to watch for include fever, headache, dizziness, confusion, nausea, or fainting.”
For more information on treatment and prevention of Sunburn, visit the Better Health Channel.